Which of the following is a high-leverage retrieval practice strategy supported by research?

• A. Frequent graded exams
• B. Longer lectures
• C. Low-stakes quizzes
• D. Passive rereading

Answer: (C)

Retrieval practice works by actively recalling information, which strengthens memory traces and improves long-term retention more effectively than simply reviewing material. Low-stakes quizzes embody this idea by providing frequent opportunities to retrieve what you’ve learned without heavy penalties. The frequent retrieval, combined with timely feedback, helps you correct errors and reinforce correct knowledge, making this approach highly efficient for durable learning.

In contrast, passive rereading involves little retrieval effort and tends to produce only short-term gains. Longer lectures don’t require you to recall and apply information, and frequent graded exams, while they involve retrieval, carry higher stakes that can dampen risk-taking and reduce consistent practice. So, low-stakes quizzes strike the right balance of frequent, effortful retrieval with supportive feedback, matching what research shows yields high leverage in learning.